African Dictator Meets the White Man

As a development economist, I read (or am occasionally forced to read) about experiments, especially the field and quasi-field experiments that are carried out in developing countries to test this, that or the other hypothesis. The idea is to randomize the subjects into two groups. In one group you do something to them: give them cash transfers conditional on health checkups, or mosquito nets, or subject them to various ordeals in order to claim a poverty line handout, or provide loans, or information about jobs. This is the treatment group. In the other group you typically do nothing. This is the control group. The idea is that treatment and control groups are statistically similar to start with, so that if there is a differential change in behavior following the intervention, you must perforce chalk it down to the intervention. It can be exciting stuff: here is how the Economist reacted , for instance, when Abhijit Banerjee and Esther Duflo 's Poor Economics c...